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This page was last updated on 17 January, 2008


Map of Slovenia
Legend: DefinitionDefinition Field ListingField Listing Rank OrderRank Order
   Introduction    Slovenia Top of Page
Background:
Definition Field Listing
The Slovene lands were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the latter's dissolution at the end of World War I. In 1918, the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new multinational state, which was named Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia, which though Communist, distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power by the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991 after a short 10-day war. Historical ties to Western Europe, a strong economy, and a stable democracy have assisted in Slovenia's transformation to a modern state. Slovenia acceded to both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004.
   Geography    Slovenia Top of Page
Location:
Definition Field Listing
Central Europe, eastern Alps bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Austria and Croatia
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field Listing
46 07 N, 14 49 E
Map references:
Definition Field Listing
Europe
Area:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 20,273 sq km
land: 20,151 sq km
water: 122 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field Listing
slightly smaller than New Jersey
Land boundaries:
Definition Field Listing
total: 1,382 km
border countries: Austria 330 km, Croatia 670 km, Hungary 102 km, Italy 280 km
Coastline:
Definition Field Listing
46.6 km
Maritime claims:
Definition Field Listing
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate:
Definition Field Listing
Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
Terrain:
Definition Field Listing
a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountains and valleys with numerous rivers to the east
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field Listing
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Triglav 2,864 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field Listing
lignite coal, lead, zinc, building stone, hydropower, forests
Land use:
Definition Field Listing
arable land: 8.53%
permanent crops: 1.43%
other: 90.04% (2005)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field Listing
30 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
Definition Field Listing
32.1 cu km (2005)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Definition Field Listing
Total: 0.9
Per capita: 457 cu m/yr (2002)
Natural hazards:
Definition Field Listing
flooding and earthquakes
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field Listing
Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain
Environment - international agreements:
Definition Field Listing
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Definition Field Listing
despite its small size, this eastern Alpine country controls some of Europe's major transit routes
   People    Slovenia Top of Page
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
2,009,245 (July 2007 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field Listing
0-14 years: 13.7% (male 141,670/female 133,720)
15-64 years: 70.3% (male 712,409/female 700,844)
65 years and over: 16% (male 124,264/female 196,338) (2007 est.)
Median age:
Definition Field Listing
total: 41 years
male: 39.4 years
female: 42.6 years (2007 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field Listing
-0.065% (2007 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
9 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
10.41 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field Listing
0.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field Listing
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.059 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.017 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.633 male(s)/female
total population: 0.949 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 4.35 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.93 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total population: 76.53 years
male: 72.84 years
female: 80.47 years (2007 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.26 children born/woman (2007 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
280 (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
less than 100 (2003 est.)
Nationality:
Definition Field Listing
noun: Slovene(s)
adjective: Slovenian
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field Listing
Slovene 83.1%, Serb 2%, Croat 1.8%, Bosniak 1.1%, other or unspecified 12% (2002 census)
Religions:
Definition Field Listing
Catholic 57.8%, Muslim 2.4%, Orthodox 2.3%, other Christian 0.9%, unaffiliated 3.5%, other or unspecified 23%, none 10.1% (2002 census)
Languages:
Definition Field Listing
Slovenian 91.1%, Serbo-Croatian 4.5%, other or unspecified 4.4% (2002 census)
Literacy:
Definition Field Listing
definition: NA
total population: 99.7%
male: 99.7%
female: 99.6%
   Government    Slovenia Top of Page
Country name:
Definition Field Listing
conventional long form: Republic of Slovenia
conventional short form: Slovenia
local long form: Republika Slovenija
local short form: Slovenija
former: People's Republic of Slovenia, Socialist Republic of Slovenia
Government type:
Definition Field Listing
parliamentary republic
Capital:
Definition Field Listing
name: Ljubljana
geographic coordinates: 46 03 N, 14 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field Listing
182 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities* (mestne obcine , singular - mestna obcina ) Ajdovscina, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova, Celje*, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Cerkvenjak, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca, Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec, Dobrovnik-Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina, Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos-Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola-Isola, Jesenice, Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Koper-Capodistria*, Kostel, Kozje, Kranj*, Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava-Lendva, Litija, Ljubljana*, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Maribor*, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Murska Sobota*, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Nova Gorica*, Novo Mesto*, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran-Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka, Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Ptuj*, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na Koroskem, Razkrizje, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogasovci, Rogaska Slatina, Rogatec, Ruse, Salovci, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic, Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur pri Celju, Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenj Gradec*, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smartno ob Paki, Smartno pri Litiji, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sostanj, Starse, Store, Sveta Ana, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij, Tabor, Tisina, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trnovska Vas, Trzic, Trzin, Turnisce, Velenje*, Velika Polana, Velike Lasce, Verzej, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vransko, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Zetale, Ziri, Zirovnica, Zuzemberk, Zrece
note: there may be 45 more municipalities
Independence:
Definition Field Listing
25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
National holiday:
Definition Field Listing
Independence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)
Constitution:
Definition Field Listing
adopted 23 December 1991
Legal system:
Definition Field Listing
based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Definition Field Listing
18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)
Executive branch:
Definition Field Listing
chief of state: President Danilo TURK (since 22 December 2007)
head of government: Prime Minister Janez JANSA (since 9 November 2004)
cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 21 October and 11 November 2007 (next to be held in the fall of 2012); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly; election last held on 9 November 2004 (next National Assembly elections to be held in October 2008)
election results: Danilo TURK elected president; percent of vote - Danilo TURK 68.2%, Lajze PETERLE 31.8%; Janez JANSA elected prime minister by National Assembly vote - 57 to 27 in 2004
Legislative branch:
Definition Field Listing
bicameral Parliament consists of a National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats; 40 members are directly elected and 50 are elected on a proportional basis; note - the number of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; the constitution mandates 1 seat each for Slovenia's Hungarian and Italian minorities; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the National Council or Drzavni Svet (40 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve five-year terms; note - this is primarily an advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws, ask to review any National Assembly decision, and call national referenda)
elections: National Assembly - last held 3 October 2004 (next to be held in October 2008)
election results: percent of vote by party - SDS 29.1%, LDS 22.8%, ZLSD 10.2%, NSi 9%, SLS 6.8%, SNS 6.3%, DeSUS 4.1%, other 11.7%; seats by party - SDS 29, LDS 23, ZLSD 10, NSi 9, SLS 7, SNS 6, DeSUS 4, Hungarian minority 1, Italian minority 1
Judicial branch:
Definition Field Listing
Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court (judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president)
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
Liberal Democratic Party or LDS [Jelko KACIN]; New Slovenia or NSi [Andrej BAJUK]; Slovenian Democratic Party or SDS [Janez JANSA]; Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia or DeSUS [Karl ERJAVEC]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC]; Slovene People's Party or SLS [Janez PODOBNIK]; Slovene Youth Party or SMS [Darko KRANJC]; Social Democrats or SD [Borut PAHOR] (formerly ZLSD); ZARES [Gregor Golobic]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
NA
International organization participation:
Definition Field Listing
ACCT (observer), Australia Group, BIS, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (guest), NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field Listing
chief of mission: Ambassador Samuel ZBOGAR
chancery: 2410 California Street N.W., Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 386-6601
FAX: [1] (202) 386-6633
consulate(s) general: Cleveland, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field Listing
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Maryruth COLEMAN
embassy: Presernova 31, 1000 Ljubljana
mailing address: American Embassy Ljubljana, US Department of State, 7140 Ljubljana Place, Washington, DC 20521-7140
telephone: [386] (1) 200-5500
FAX: [386] (1) 200-5555
Flag description:
Definition Field Listing
three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle, which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries); the seal is in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands
   Economy    Slovenia Top of Page
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing
Slovenia, which on 1 January 2007 became the first 2004 European Union entrant to adopt the euro, is a model of economic success and stability for the region. With the highest per capita GDP in Central Europe, Slovenia has excellent infrastructure, a well-educated work force, and a stategic location between the Balkans and Western Europe. Privatization has lagged since 2002, and the economy has one of highest levels of state control in the EU. Structural reforms to improve the business environment have allowed for somewhat greater foreign participation in Slovenia's economy and have helped to lower unemployment. In March 2004, Slovenia became the first transition country to graduate from borrower status to donor partner at the World Bank. Despite its economic success, foreign direct investment (FDI) in Slovenia has lagged behind the region average, and taxes remain relatively high. Furthermore, the labor market is often seen as inflexible, and legacy industries are losing sales to more competitive firms in China, India, and elsewhere.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$54.79 billion (2007 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):
Definition Field Listing
$41.19 billion (2007 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
5.6% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$27,300 (2007 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture: 2.2%
industry: 33.5%
services: 64.4% (2007 est.)
Labor force:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
920,000 (2007 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture: 4.8%
industry: 39.1%
services: 56.1% (2004)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
7.8% (2007 est.)
Population below poverty line:
Definition Field Listing
12.9% (2004)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field Listing
lowest 10%: 3.6%
highest 10%: 21.4% (1998)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Definition Field Listing
24 (2005)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
3.2% (2007 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
27.6% of GDP (2007 est.)
Budget:
Definition Field Listing
revenues: $19.17 billion
expenditures: $19.41 billion (2007 est.)
Public debt:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
25.7% of GDP (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field Listing
potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry
Industries:
Definition Field Listing
ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc smelting; electronics (including military electronics), trucks, automobiles, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
6% (2007 est.)
Electricity - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
14.9 billion kWh (2006)
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
13.71 billion kWh (2006)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field Listing
4.8 billion kWh (2006)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field Listing
4.07 billion kWh (2006)
Oil - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
5 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
54,000 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
2,276 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
55,880 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
Natural gas - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4.795 million cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.078 billion cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.073 billion cu m (2005)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
Current account balance:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
-$1.429 billion (2007 est.)
Exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$28.18 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food
Exports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
Germany 20.1%, Italy 13%, Croatia 9.1%, Austria 8.8%, France 6.5%, Russia 4.4% (2006)
Imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$30.22 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Imports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
Germany 19.7%, Italy 18.1%, Austria 11.9%, France 6%, Croatia 4.7% (2006)
Economic aid - recipient:
Definition Field Listing
ODA, $484 million (2004-06)
note: in March 2004, Slovenia became the first transition country to graduate from borrower status to donor partner at the World Bank (2004-06)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$8.971 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Debt - external:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$40.42 billion (30 June 2007)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$7.459 billion (2006 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$4.259 billion (2006 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$15.18 billion (2006)
Currency (code):
Definition Field Listing
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 2007, the euro became Slovenia's currency; both the tolar and the euro were in circulation from 1 January until 15 January 2007
Exchange rates:
Definition Field Listing
tolars per US dollar - 0.73 (2007), 190.85 (2006), 192.71 (2005), 192.38 (2004), 207.11 (2003)
note: Slovenia adopted the euro as its currency on 1 January 2007
Fiscal year:
Definition Field Listing
calendar year
   Communications    Slovenia Top of Page
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
837,500 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.82 million (2006)
Telephone system:
Definition Field Listing
general assessment: well-developed telecommunications infrastructure
domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 130 telephones per 100 persons
international: country code - 386
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
AM 10, FM 230, shortwave 0 (2006)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
31 (2006)
Internet country code:
Definition Field Listing
.si
Internet hosts:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
134,266 (2007)
Internet users:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.251 million (2006)
   Transportation    Slovenia Top of Page
Airports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
14 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 6
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 8
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 4 (2007)
Pipelines:
Definition Field Listing
gas 2,526 km; oil 11 km (2006)
Railways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 1,229 km
standard gauge: 1,229 km 1.435-m gauge (504 km electrified) (2006)
Roadways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 38,451 km
paved: 38,451 km (includes 483 km of expressways) (2004)
Merchant marine:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
registered in other countries: 26 (Antigua and Barbuda 6, Bahamas 1, Cyprus 4, Georgia 2, Liberia 1, Malta 3, Marshall Islands 3, Singapore 1, St Vincent and The Grenadines 5) (2007)
Ports and terminals:
Definition Field Listing
Koper
   Military    Slovenia Top of Page
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing
Slovenian Army (includes air and naval forces)
Military service age and obligation:
Definition Field Listing
17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2003 (2007)
Manpower available for military service:
Definition Field Listing
males age 17-49: 496,929
females age 17-49: 483,959 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Definition Field Listing
males age 17-49: 405,593
females age 17-49: 397,167 (2005 est.)
Manpower reaching military service age annually:
Definition Field Listing
males age 18-49: 12,816
females age 17-49: 12,178 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.7% (2005 est.)
   Transnational Issues    Slovenia Top of Page
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing
the Croatia-Slovenia land and maritime boundary agreement, which would have ceded most of Piran Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to Croatia, remains unratified and in dispute; Slovenia also protests Croatia's 2003 claim to an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Slovenia has implemented the strict Schengen border rules to curb illegal migration and commerce through southeastern Europe while encouraging close cross-border ties with Croatia
Illicit drugs:
Definition Field Listing
minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals

This page was last updated on 17 January, 2008


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